Abusuwar, A. O., & Eldin, A. K. (2013). Effect of seed pelleting and water regime on the performance of some forage species under arid conditions. American-Eurasian J Agric Environ Sci, 13(5), 728–734. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2013.13.05.1961
Andrio, A. (2019). Development of UAV technology in seed dropping for aerial revegetation practices in Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 308(1), 012051. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/308/1/012051
Ayres, M. P., & Lombardero, M. J. (2000). Assessing the consequences of global change for forest disturbance from herbivores and pathogens. Science of The Total Environment, 262(3), 263–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00528-3
B, J., & S, B. (2016). Seed pelleting - A key for enhancing the seed quality. Rashtriya Krishi, 11(1), 76–77.
BAYÖZEN, A., & YILDIZ, A. (n.d.). Determination of Mycorrhizae Interactions and Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn Isolated from Strawberry and Xanthium strumarium. Turkish Journal of Biology. https://doi.org/10.3906/biy-0801-15
Birkedal, M., Löf, M., Olsson, G. E., & Bergsten, U. (2010). Effects of granivorous rodents on direct seeding of oak and beech in relation to site preparation and sowing date. Forest Ecology and Management, 259(12), 2382–2389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.03.014
Brady, N., & Weil, R. (1999). The nature and properties of soils.
Budiharta, S., Widyatmoko, D., Irawati, Wiriadinata, H., Rugayah, Partomihardjo, T., Ismail, Uji, T., Keim, A. P., & Wilson, K. A. (2011). The processes that threaten Indonesian plants. Oryx, 45(2), 172–179. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605310001092
Camargo, J. L. C., Ferraz, I. D. K., & Imakawa, A. M. (2002). Rehabilitation of Degraded Areas of Central Amazonia Using Direct Sowing of Forest Tree Seeds. Restoration Ecology, 10(4), 636–644. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-100X.2002.01044.x
Canadell, J., Jackson, R. B., Ehleringer, J. B., Mooney, H. A., Sala, O. E., & Schulze, E.-D. (1996). Maximum rooting depth of vegetation types at the global scale. Oecologia, 108(4), 583–595. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00329030
Carr, D., Bonney, N., & Millsom, D. (2007). The effect of sowing season on the reliability of direct seeding.
Ceccon, E., González, E. J., & Martorell, C. (2016). Is Direct Seeding a Biologically Viable Strategy for Restoring Forest Ecosystems? Evidences from a Meta‐analysis. Land Degradation & Development, 27(3), 511–520. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2421
Chapman, C. A., & Chapman, L. J. (1999). Forest Restoration in Abandoned Agricultural Land: a Case Study from East Africa. Conservation Biology, 13(6), 1301–1311. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98229.x
CIFOR. (2013). Hutan dan mitigasi perubahan iklim: apa yang perlu diketahui oleh para pembuat kebijakan. https://doi.org/10.17528/cifor/004173
Cole, R. J., Holl, K. D., Keene, C. L., & Zahawi, R. A. (2011). Direct seeding of late-successional trees to restore tropical montane forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 261(10), 1590–1597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.06.038
De Steven, D. (1991). Experiments on Mechanisms of Tree Establishment in Old‐Field Succession: Seedling Emergence. Ecology, 72(3), 1066–1075. https://doi.org/10.2307/1940606
Doust, S. J., Erskine, P. D., & Lamb, D. (2006). Direct seeding to restore rainforest species: Microsite effects on the early establishment and growth of rainforest tree seedlings on degraded land in the wet tropics of Australia. Forest Ecology and Management, 234(1–3), 333–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2006.07.014
Downer, R., Manteuffel-Ross, T., Tymon, L., & Aghai, M. (2024). Direct Seeding for Conifer Regeneration in the Pacific Northwest: A Past, Present, and Future of Operational Practices. Journal of Forestry, 122(2), 171–184. https://doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvad050
Elliott, S., Blakesley, D., & Hardwick, K. (2013). Restoring tropical forests: a practical guide.
Engel, V. L., & Parrotta, J. A. (2001). An evaluation of direct seeding for reforestation of degraded lands in central São Paulo state, Brazil. Forest Ecology and Management, 152(1–3), 169–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00600-9
Figueiredo, M. A., Messias, M. C. T. B., Leite, M. G. P., & Kozovits, A. R. (2021). Direct seeding in the restoration of post-mined campo rupestre: Germination and establishment of 14 native species. Flora, 276–277, 151772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2021.151772
Forests and floods - Drowning in fiction or thriving on facts? (2005). 2005/03.
Forests, Water and People in the Humid Tropics. (2005). https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511535666
Frastien, D. (n.d.). PERUBUHAN PERUNTUKAN KAWASAN HUTAN MENJADI BUKAN KAWASAN HUTAN UNTUK MENAJAMIN HAK MASYARAKAT ATAS TANAH. University Of Bengkulu Law Journal, 2(2), 151–164. https://doi.org/10.33369/ubelaj.2.2.151-164
Gevrek, M., Atasoy, G., & Yigit, A. (2012). Growth and yield response of rice (Oryza sativa) to different seed coating agents. Int J Agric Biol, 14(5), 826–830.
Govinden-Soulange, J., & Levantard, M. (2008). Afr J Agric Res, 3(10), 725–731.
Haase, D. L., Bouzza, K., Emerton, L., Friday, J. B., Lieberg, B., Aldrete, A., & Davis, A. S. (n.d.). The High Cost of the Low-Cost Polybag System: A Review of Nursery Seedling Production Systems. Land, 10(8), 826. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10080826
HANSEN, A. J., NEILSON, R. P., DALE, V. H., FLATHER, C. H., IVERSON, L. R., CURRIE, D. J., SHAFER, S., COOK, R., & BARTLEIN, P. J. (2001). Global Change in Forests: Responses of Species, Communities, and Biomes. BioScience, 51(9), 765. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0765:GCIFRO]2.0.CO;2
Heiberg, S. O. (1934). Briquette Planting. Journal of Forestry, 32(3), 333–336. https://doi.org/10.1093/jof/32.3.333
Heydecker, W., & Coolbear, P. (1977). Seed treatments for improved performance-survey and attempted prognosis. Seed Sci Technol, 5, 353–425.
Holl, K. D. (1998). Effects of above- and below-ground competition of shrubs and grass on Calophyllum brasiliense (Camb.) seedling growth in abandoned tropical pasture. Forest Ecology and Management, 109(1–3), 187–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00248-5
Holl, K. D., Loik, M. E., Lin, E. H. V., & Samuels, I. A. (2000). Tropical Montane Forest Restoration in Costa Rica: Overcoming Barriers to Dispersal and Establishment. Restoration Ecology, 8(4), 339–349. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-100x.2000.80049.x
Hossain, F., Elliott, S., & Chairuangsri, S. (2014). Effectiveness of Direct Seeding for Forest Restoration on Severely Degraded Land in Lampang Province, Thailand. Open Journal of Forestry, 04(05), 512–519. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojf.2014.45055
Jaiti, F., Kassami, M., Meddich, A., & El Hadrami, I. (2008). Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhization on the Accumulation of Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives in Date Palm Seedlings Challenged with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis. Journal of Phytopathology, 156(11–12), 641–646. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2008.01411.x
Juniyanti, L., Purnomo, H., Kartodihardjo, H., & Prasetyo, L. B. (n.d.). Understanding the Driving Forces and Actors of Land Change Due to Forestry and Agricultural Practices in Sumatra and Kalimantan: A Systematic Review. Land, 10(5), 463. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10050463
LIPTAY, A., BOLTON, E. F., & DIRKS, V. A. (1982). A COMPARISON OF FIELD-SEEDED AND TRANSPLANTED TOMATOES GROWN ON A CLAY SOIL. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 62(2), 483–487. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps82-068
Maginnis, S., & Elliott, C. (n.d.).
Manoharan, P. T., Shanmugaiah, V., Balasubramanian, N., Gomathinayagam, S., Sharma, M. P., & Muthuchelian, K. (2010). Influence of AM fungi on the growth and physiological status of Erythrina variegata Linn. grown under different water stress conditions. European Journal of Soil Biology, 46(2), 151–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.01.001
Naruangsri, K., Pathom-aree, W., Elliott, S., & Tiansawat, P. (n.d.). Selecting Suitable Tree Species for Direct Seeding to Restore Forest Ecosystems in Northern Thailand. Forests, 15(4), 674. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15040674
Neeraj, & Singh, K. (2011). Organic amendments to soil inoculated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Pseudomonas fluorescens treatments reduce the development of root-rot disease and enhance the yield of Phaseolus vulgaris L. European Journal of Soil Biology, 47(5), 288–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2011.07.002
Nurhasybi, & Sudrajat DJ. (2018). Seed pellets of Calophyllum inophylum and Enterolobium cyclocarpum for direct seeding application on degraded lands. 283–288.
Nurhaysbi, N., & Sudrajat, D. J. (2009). TEKNIK PENABURAN BENIH MERBAU (Intsia bijuga) SECARA LANGSUNG DI HUTAN PENELITIAN PARUNG PANJANG, BOGOR. Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman, 6(4), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.20886/jpht.2009.6.4.209-217
Podlaski, S., Chrobak, Z., & Wyszkowska, Z. (2003). The effect of parsley seed hydration treatment and pelleting on seed vigour. Plant, Soil and Environment, 49(3), 114–118. https://doi.org/10.17221/4099-PSE
Resiko Bencana Indonesia. (2016). Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana.
Ryu, C.-M., Kim, J., Choi, O., Kim, S. H., & Park, C. S. (2006). Improvement of biological control capacity of Paenibacillus polymyxa E681 by seed pelleting on sesame. Biological Control, 39(3), 282–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2006.04.014
Schmaltz, E. M., Steger, S., & Glade, T. (2017). The influence of forest cover on landslide occurrence explored with spatio-temporal information. Geomorphology, 290, 250–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.04.024
Souza, D. C. de, & Engel, V. L. (2018). Direct seeding reduces costs, but it is not promising for restoring tropical seasonal forests. Ecological Engineering, 116, 35–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.02.019
Stanturf, J. A., Dumroese, R. K., Elliott, S., Ivetic, V., Khokthong, W., Kleine, M., Lang, M., Löf, M., Madsen, P., Prescott, C., & Young, T. (2024). Advances in forest restoration management and technology. In Restoring Forests and Trees for Sustainable Development (pp. 297–334). https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197683958.003.0011
Statistik Kehutanan Indonesia Tahun 2020. (2020).
Sudrajat, D. (2019). Teknologi Alternatif untuk Rehabilitasi Lahan dan Hutan: Biopot dan Briket Benih. 153–184.
Sudrajat, D. J., Nurhasybi, N., & Suita, E. (2018). Comparison of Nyamplung Plant Establishment: Direct Seeding, Bare-root, Blocked Media, and Containerized Seedlings. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika (Journal of Tropical Forest Management), 24(2), 51–59. https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.24.2.51
Sudrajat, D. J., & Rustam, E. (2020). Reforestation by direct seeding of Gmelina arborea using seed briquettes: Composition, size and site preparation, and sowing date. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 533(1), 012014. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/533/1/012014
Sudrajat, D. J., Rustam, E., Nurhasybi, Widyani, N., Yulianti, Isnaini, Y., Aprilianti, P., Primananda, E., Zanzibar, M., Suhartati, Putri, K. P., Yuniarti, N., Surono, & Yuskianti, V. (2023). Improving the success of direct seeding through the application of seed briquettes, aquasorb, and sowing time: case studies onCeiba pentandra, Enterolobium cyclocarpum, andCalophyllum inophyllum. Forest Science and Technology, 19(2), 130–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2023.2198549
Sudrajat, D. J., Rustam, E., Widyani, N., Nurhasybi, Yulianti, Handayani, T., Maharani, D., Rosdayanti, H., Wawangningrum, H., Efendi, M., Damaiyani, J., Suhaendah, E., Salim, M. A., & Yuskianti, V. (2024). Comparison of direct-seeding, bare-root and polybag methods on early growth, root structure and plant establishment cost of mahogany ( Swietenia macrophylla ). Australian Forestry, 87(4), 151–160. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049158.2024.2411783
Tamilarasan, C., Jerlin, R., & Raja, K. (2021). S E E D B A L L T E C H N I Q U E F O R E N H A N C I N G T H E ESTABLISHMENT OF SUBABUL (LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA) UNDER VARIED HABITATS. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL FOREST SCIENCE, 33(3), 349–355. https://doi.org/10.26525/jtfs2021.33.3.349
Taylor, A. G., Paine, D. H., Suzuki, N., Nault, B. A., & McFaul, A. (2004). COATING TECHNOLOGIES FOR SEED TREATMENT APPLICATIONS. Acta Horticulturae, 631, 49–54. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2004.631.5
Tongo, A., Mahdavi, A., & Sayad, E. (2014). Ecopersia, 2(2), 571–583.
Tsakaldimi, M., & Ganatsas, P. (n.d.). A synthesis of results on wastes as potting media substitutes for the production of native plant species. REFORESTA, 1, 147–163. https://doi.org/10.21750/REFOR.1.08.8
Wennström, U., Bergsten, U., & Nilsson, J.-E. (n.d.). Seedling establishment and growth after direct seeding with Pinus sylvestris: effects of seed type, seed origin, and seeding year. Silva Fennica, 41(2). https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.298
Widyani, N., Surono, Sudrajat, D. J., Rustam, E., Nurhasybi, Putri, K. P., & Yuskianti, V. (2024). Direct seeding of Ceiba pentandra and Leucaena leucocephala using seed briquette with AMF and DSE inoculations to support a green economy. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1302(1), 012027. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1302/1/012027
Wijaya, A., Chrysolite, H., Ge, M., Wibowo, C., Pradana, A., Utami, A., & Austin. (2017). How can Indonesia achieve its climate change mitigation goal? An analysis of potential emissions reductions from energy and land-use policies.
(1978). The one-straw revolution: an introduction to natural farming.
(2010). Teknologi Indonesia, 33(2), 92–99.
(2014). Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan, 8(2), 81–93.
(2019). Statistik Lingkungan Hidup 2019 (Environment Statistics of Indonesia 2019).
(2020). The state of Indonesia’s forests 2020.
(2021a). Updated nationally determined contribution Republic of Indonesia.
(2022a). Rehabilitasi Kawasan Pesisir untuk Mitigasi Perubahan Iklim: Peranan mangrove dan penurunan emisi tingkat sub-nasional.
(2022b). Statistik Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Indonesia Tahun 2022.
(2024). The state of Indonesia’s forests 2024 towards sustainability of forest ecosystems in Indonesia.